homesick名词(after和noon这样的单词还有那些)

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after和noon这样的单词还有那些
在英语中,合成词是由两个单词连在一起合成一个新词.一般是前一个词修饰或限制后一个词.
构成名词 1、名词+名词:一般来讲,构成的词还是名词.如:website,homework,basketball.
2、名词+动词: snowfall 下雪
3、名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马
4、名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳
5、动词-ing+名词: waiting-room候车室
6、形容词+名词: greenhouse温室
7、副词+名词: income收入
8、介词+名词: afternoon下午
9、过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人
构成动词 10、名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却
11、形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电
12、副词+动词: outact行动上胜过
构成形容词 13、名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的
14、名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的
15、名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的
16、动词+副词: take-away外卖的
17、形容词+名词: long-distance长途的
18、形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的
19、形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的
20、副词+动词-ing : hard-working勤劳的
21、副词+过去分词: well-known著名的
22、数词+名词: first-class头等的
23、数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的
24、数词+名词+ed : three-cornered三角的
25、介词+名词: indoor 室内的
其他构词 26、副词+名词:构成形容词adj.或者副词adv..如:upstairs,downstairs,这些既可做形容词也可作副词.
27、副词+动词:一般用来构成动词.如:download.
28、名词+形容词:构成形容词.如world-famous,homesick.
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英语合成名词有哪些
football足球
snowfall 下雪
horse-riding骑马
daughter-in-law儿媳
waiting-room候车室
greenhouse温室
income收入
afternoon下午
n+n:tea break\eye-shot(视力范围)、buck-rabbit(公兔)、night-school、baby-husband(小女婿)
adv+n:hard-working
n+adj:second-hand/one-way/long-distance/first-class
在英语中,合成词是由两个或以上结合构成的一个词修饰或限制后一个词。在英语中,很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,最常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。
折叠构成名词
1、名词+名词:一般来讲,构成的词还是名词。如:website,homework,basketball。
2、名词+动词: snowfall 下雪
3、名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马
4、名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳
5、动词-ing+名词: waiting-room候车室
6、形容词+名词: greenhouse温室
7、副词+名词: income收入
8、介词+名词: afternoon下午
9、过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人
折叠构成动词
10、名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却
11、形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电
12、副词+动词: outact行动上胜过
折叠构成形容词
13、名词+形容词: world-famous世界闻名的
14、名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的
15、名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的
16、动词+副词: take-away外卖的
17、形容词+名词: long-distance长途的
18、形容词+形容词: dark-blue 深蓝色的
19、形容词+过去分词: new-born 新出生的
20、副词+动词-ing : hard-working 勤劳的
21、副词+过去分词: well-known著名的
22、数词+名词: first-class头等的,一流的(大学)
23、数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的
24、数词+名词+ed : three-cornered三角的
25、介词+名词: indoor 室内的
折叠其他构词
26、副词+名词:构成形容词adj.或者副词adv.。例如:upstairs,downstairs,这些既可做形容词也可作副词。
27、副词+动词:一般用来构成动词。例如:download。
28、名词+形容词:构成形容词。例如world-famous,homesick。
英语中的名词合成词都有些类啊每类举例4到5 个词吧谢啦
1.合成名词
名词+名词: football足球
名词+动词: snowfall 下雪
名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马
名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳
动词-ing+名词: waiting-room候车室
形容词+名词: greenhouse温室
副词+名词: income收入
介词+名词: afternoon下午
过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人
2.合成动词
名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却
形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电
副词+动词: outact行动上胜过
3.合成形容词
名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的
名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的
名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的
动词+副词: takeaway外卖的
形容词+名词: long-distance长途的
形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的
形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的
副词+形容词: color-blind色盲的
副词+动词-ing : hard-working勤劳的
副词+过去分词: well-known著名的
数词+名词: first-class头等的
数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的
数词+名词+ed : three-cornered三角的
介词+名词: indoor 室内的
合成词也称复合词,顾名思义,就是由两个或两个以上的词合在一起构成的词,可分别用做形容词或副词。合成词从表面结构上看不拘一格,种类繁多,无论记忆还是使用都十分困难,那么我们除了简单记忆这些词是由哪些词构成之外,还有没有举一反三的规律可循呢?下面我们将一一道来。
I. 复合形容词 (COMPOUND ADJECTIVES)
1. 含有分词的复合形容词
复合形容词中的现在分词与过去分词均源于定语从句中的谓语动词。
例如:
●Australia is a country which speaks English. (country 由定语从句修饰)
澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。
Australia is a country speaking English. (country 由现在分词短语修饰)
Australia is an English-speaking country. (country 由复合形容词修饰)
以上三个句子中,我们分别用了三种不同的方法修饰country,三种不同的修饰语与country的逻辑关系都是country speaks English,因为country是动作speak的发出者,按照修饰动作发出者用现在分词的原则,合成词应该使用English-speaking。然而短语spoken English (英语口语)是不同的,这个短语中被修饰词English是动作speak的承受者,因此,用过去分词spoken, 以上两种不同的逻辑关系必须分清。
我们再来看几个例子:
●earthshaking changes = changes which shake the earth
翻天覆地的变化(changes 是动作shake的发出者)
UN peacekeeping forces=forces which keep peace
联合国维和部队(forces 是动作keep的发出者)
record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破记录的毁坏
peace-loving people= people who love peace爱好和平的
epoch-making decision=decision which makes epoch开新纪元的/划时代的决策
fine-sounding words=words which sound fine 甜言蜜语
soft-feeling materials=materials which feel soft 手感柔软的面料
good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士
hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦读书的学生
far-reaching influence=influence which reaches far广泛深远的影响
easygoing person=person who goes easy 随和容易相处的人
well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子
state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state国有企业
hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品
heart-felt thanks=thanks which are felt by heart 衷心的感谢
fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速发展的产业
highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度发达的国家
newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly 刚刚抵达的参观者
well-known university=university which is known very well著名的大学
ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready to be used做好的, 现成的衣服
self-employed person=person who is employed by oneself非受雇于人的,从事个体职业的人
snow-covered fields=feilds which are covered by snow白雪覆盖的田野
newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飞机场
从以上例子可以看出,要了解和掌握含有分词的复合形容词,首先必须了解正确使用及物动词的现在分词和过去分词的关键:
① 准确了解及物动词的分词与所修饰的名词关系,修饰动作发出者用现在分词表示主动,修饰动作承受者用过去分词表示被动。
② 准确了解不及物动词的所用时态,用现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行,用过去分词表示动作业已完成。
2. 含有动名词的复合形容词
sleeping- pills安眠药 = pills which are for sleeping
waiting-room候车/机/诊室; = room which is used for waiting
reading-room 阅览室 = room which is used for reading
以上例子中,我们可以看到,所有的sleeping, waiting, reading都是介词for的宾语,因此我们将这样的词称为动名词。
3.含有名词的复合形容词
许多日常用作定语的复合形容词中是以名词作为中心词而构成的,当作定语的名词是所修饰名词的组成部分时, 复合形容词自身的名词后要加上ed来构成形容词。
例如:
a warm-hearted man=a man with a warm heart 一个热心肠的人
(heart 是man的器官之一,为组成部分)
再看更多例子:
cold-blooded animals=animals with cold blood 冷血动物
a long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一个长发女孩儿
a single-armed general=a general with one arm一位独臂将军
a right-minded person=a person with right mind 有正义感的人
a left-handed person=a person who is used to the left hand 惯用左手的人
a toffee-nosed person=a person with a toffee nose 趾高气扬的人
a two bed roomed flat=a flat with two bedrooms一套两居室的公寓
a three-legged chair=a chair with three legs. 一把三条腿的椅子
注意:不可以使用名词复数担当定语, 不可以说a three-legs chair。
4. 含有名词抽象形式的复合形容词
表示所修饰的名词的性质或原材料时,使用名词的抽象形式(即原形)担当定语
例如:
●100% cotton shirt 全棉衬衣 (cotton 是shirt的原材料,不能加ed)
a 400-word composition 一篇四百字的文章(word看作是composition的原材料,而不是组成部分,因此不能加ed)
●child readings, 儿童读物 child seat(儿童座位)child workers (童工)
(以上短语中child均表示所修饰名词的性质,不可以使用名词复数children)
8-year-old boy=boy of 8 years old 一个八岁的孩子
(years在构成复合形容词后,应使用其抽象形式 year )
●duty-free goods=goods which are free of duty免税商品
●rag-and-bone man 旧货商,toe-to-toe硬碰硬地,针尖对麦芒地,针锋相对地,long-term 长期的, open-air 户外的
我们可以看到,以上复合形容词中的名词,形式均无任何变化。
II. 复合名词
(COMPOUND NOUNS)
在英语日常词汇中,有许许多多的名词是由两个或两个以上的词共同构成的,例如:
earthworm蚯蚓;earthquake地震;shorthand(速记);double-dealer (言行不一的人);break-water(防波堤);pick-pocket扒手;pickup 皮卡,小货车;sun-bathing日光浴;get-together集会;break-through(突破);a cross-roads一个十字路口;go-between 媒人,中间人;by-product副产品;touch-me-not含羞草;takeaway(外卖);make-up(化妆品);look-on(旁观者);lookout(哨所);software软件,hardware硬件,hardboard硬盘,keyboard键盘,website网站;network网络;homesick思乡;breakthrough突破;take-off起飞;sightseeing观光; right-wing右翼;laptop笔记本电脑,palmtop掌上电脑。
这些词的含义从单词的表面就可以清楚地看出,但分别是由原来句子中的不同词类构成的,因此这些词我们只要见到、读到、了解这些词的含义就足够了,按照其构成的词类进行归类总结,总有些庸人自扰的感觉。
homesick是什么意思
homesick
adj.
思家的,思乡病的
homesick
home.sick
adj.(形容词)
Acutely longing for one’s family or home.
想家:对家庭的强烈思念
home“sick”ness
n.(名词)
字词理解与应用用法
Time n.时代, 时期(比era的时间短)
-- Roman time 罗马时代 / ancient time 古代
Age n.时代(特定的历史阶段, 和其它词构成专有名词)
-- stone age 石器时代 / modern age 当今时代 / middle ages 中世纪
Steamship n.蒸汽轮船
Vessel n.轮船, 大木船(非常正式的表达方式, 用于文学体中, 可以代替ship、boat)
-- a fishing vessel / a sailing vessel帆船
Ship n.大船;舰艇
Boat n.小船, 艇(比ship小, 在非正式的场合可以替换)
-- a fishing boat
Impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
scene n.现场, 场面, 情景
-- This is the impressive scene. 这是给人深刻印象的一幕
impression n.印象
-- make a lasting impression to sb. 给人以不可磨灭的印象
-- have a false impression of sb. 对某人有错误的看法
-- gave sb. impression that… 给某人…的印象
impress vt.留下印象
-- What impressed me most is your diligence.(n.勤奋)
impress sb with… 用…给某人留下深刻的印象
-- you impressed me with your beautiful clothes.
seasick adj.晕船的
airsick 晕飞机的/
carsick 晕车的
bussick 晕公交车的
bicyclesick 晕自行车的
homesick 想家的。
lo adopt 采纳
adapt 改编,以适应
ng before是指在长时间前面,即不久==soon
before long 是指比长时间还要长=long long ago
short before是指在知时间之前,即立刻之意。
erase v.擦,抹去
silly a.无意义的,无聊的hoax n.骗局,戏弄
foolish 强调愚蠢的,笨的,不明智的
I remonstrated him not to do anything foolish.
Silly 表示无意义的,无聊的,无知的
Being called silly is not compliment.
Don’t play such a silly play.
stupid 强调人及言行缺乏良好的判断力,及一般的智能(主要指天生迟钝)
His son is as stupid as all.
dull 指理解迟钝,或健康状况不佳、工作过度而导致的缺乏敏锐的头脑
The old man’s hearing has become dull.
She is a dull girl.表示人很呆
advance a.n.预先的,事先获得的
advance information 预先获得的信息/ in advance 提前
play a hoax/trick on sb. 戏弄
play a joke on sb. 开玩笑
The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.
deception n.欺骗,指无关紧要的欺骗,有时也指利已的不诚实行为
She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them.
deceit 强调一个人对另一个的故意欺骗
We are incapable of deceit.
fraud 复杂的对于公众的欺骗行为,着重指官方的欺骗或财政舞弊
trickery 语气上比deception严厉,着重指有步骤的诡计以追求私利
He had gained control of the company by trickery.
make a telephone call 打一个电话
hardly be necessary 大可不必
pointed out ironically 讥讽地指出
--Erase the idea from your mind!
--He erases the name from the namelist.
cancel 取消
write off 把……勾销,注销
cross off 把……划去
--The word is unnecessary here, so it crossed off.
wipe out 完全擦掉
tint vt. 弄脏( 通常用被动语态,突出坏因素对人的负面影响 )
=contaminate
engage in不仅开展,而且全身心地投入
be engaged in / be determined on sth / be dedicated to sth / be devoted to sth
wage v.进行(斗争)
=begin and continue a struggle
=carry on 表示开始进行
=undertake to do 着手
air one’s views on sth./sb.对某人某事发表看法
be attach to 迷上,不可分割的
persist in 坚持,
long before / short before
keep free from dust
refer to / regard sb. as 把人看成,
She pursues what is fashion in these days.
She was extremely difficult to please.
carry on 展开,
put sb. in charge of :安排某人负责
I can’t find words to praise your clothes. 好的无以言表
act the role : play the role
be absent from 离开
not only 位于句首,部分倒装
below, above 用well修饰
bump into; knock oneself into/onto
come to the conclusion
draw a conclusion
arrive at conclusion
reach conclusion
jump to conclusion
have a difficult time dong sth.:have trouble/difficulty in doing sth.
find one’s way
Lavish praises on sb.;大肆吹捧=never grudge doing 从未舍不得
Grudge vt.舍不得给
Lavish care on sb 过度关心/宠爱
Generous a.慷慨大方的
Liberal a.开明的
Prodigal a.浪费的,挥霍无度的
Wasteful a.浪费的
(反)thrifty,.economical ,frugal
stimulate 刺激,激励 stimulate sb to do sth.
Your courage stimulated me to do so.
inspire 激励(通过言辞) inspire sb to do
stir 鼓舞,鼓动 Who stired you to do it like this? You should look before you leap.
spur 刺激 His rude remarks spured me.
encourage He always encourages me to study hard when I am unwilling to do so.
be littered with 布满Rough a崎岖不平的=no smooth
be pitted with holes 坑坑洼洼
even though :even if
not in the least: not at all /not a bit / not the least bit 一点也不
反:not a little = very much
by no means /in no way /on no account /at no times /under no circumstances 绝不
a mere:: only
It was not (to say)……..
dusty track = dusty road 尘土飞扬的路面
look back 回头看
we looking back, wondering (从句做伴随状况语) if we were leaving a trail of oil an d petrol behind us.
give way to 为……所代替
Be rough on sb对某人苛刻、无礼
Don’t be rough on your friends.
Cut up rough 发脾气
We’d better not take the rough road.
Perturb v.使不安=very upset
Be perturbed about sth
His threats didn’t perturb her in the least.
Disturb 并非用心去扰乱,语气弱得多
It is disturbing to think that a wild animal is still at large in the quite countryside.
Plague 病痛或类似事情的折磨而使人苦恼
The terrible disease plagued him.
Trouble 搅扰别人的安宁,舒适等
Sorry to give you trouble./sorry to trouble you.
Worry 表达不安的心情到了忧虑的程度
He is worried about his son’s safety.
Fret 持续的忧虑、哀伤或焦急,表示烦燥的心情
He freted himself all the time for news of her.
Upset 内心忐忑不安
I feel upset now because I am afraid I hurt you.
Dismay 使沮丧
Scoop v.(用勺子)挖出,铲出
She scooped out some suger.
Make a scoop走运,赚大钱,抢先得到新闻
That guy made a scoop.
Ominously adv有预兆地
Ominous adj
Look at those ominous black clouds.
Omen n./v预示着,预兆
This is a good/bad omen
The clouds omen rain.
Rip v.用力地撕开=Tear
Rip the letter open
Rip one’s mask away.
Let things rip:=let things be
Rip into攻击
Rip off 偷窃
Rip up the back 背后说坏话
Stretch n.一大片
A stretch of land
A stretch of water
At a stretch连续地,不停顿地
We worked for hours at a stretch.
We drove fast on a stretch of open field.
He is unable to work for long stretches.他不能连续地工作。
A stretch of hills
也可作动词,
stretch out伸出;到了极限
He stretched out his hand to get the apple.
There are forests stretching for hundreds of miles.
Transport was rather stretched in the Spring Festival.
Obstacle n.障碍
Lack of education is an obstacle to success.
Constitute an obstacle to 构成……障碍
Remove/overcome an obstacle克服障碍
Put obstacle in sb’s way妨碍某人的发展
Obstacle to
Key/answer/shred/advantage/disadvantage/admission/damage + to 一起使用
Obstruction 障碍物,阻塞通道的东西
There must be an obstruction in the pipe.
Hindrance 阻碍事物发展的人或物,重点在妨碍事物的发展
You are more of hindrance than help.
Obstacle 阻于途中的物体,也指受阻碍的状况
grind v.摩擦
Grind wheat into flour
Grind sth to pieces
Grind one’s teeth in anger
Halt n.(暂时的)停=stop
They halt for a few minutes.
Stop 最普通的用语,可代替cease(formal),halt
Cease 非常正式的用词,表示中止
The heart will cease to beat when life ceased.
Pause 暂停
He paused for a breath.
Halt又表示名词 Come to a halt/stop
special adj. 注重性质 特殊
especial adj.强调超过其它 全部
“is of”是啥意思?
1、 "(be)+of+名词"结构中的名词是抽象名词时,相当于其中名词所对应的形容词的意思,说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/service/benefit/necessity等。如:I don’t want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. 我不想听你说,我对此不感兴趣。(of no interest=not interesting)
Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. 做早操对你的健康有利。
Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. 煤对工业发展是相当重要的。(of great importance=very important)
2、"(be)+of +名词"结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时,表示不同的人或物的共同特征,此时名词前通常带有冠词。常用的名词有size/kind/type/price/height/depth/width/length/weight/age/shape/colour等。
如:We are of the same age. 我们同岁。
The twin sisters are of a size and the skirt fits each of them exactly. 双胞胎姐妹的身材一样,这件裙子两个人穿都非常合适。
Machines are of different types and sizes.机器有不同的型号和规格。
3、"(be)+of+名词"结构可以表示主语的根源关系,此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍及出处的名词,常用的名词有family/blood/race/origin等。如:
We are of the same blood. 我们是同一家族。
as much as
1. 表示具体的数量,其后通常接有具体数量,其意为“……之多”“多达”“整整”,强调“多”。如:
In fact it cost me as much as 100 dollars. 事实上,它整整花了我100美元。
2. 表示模糊的数量,其意为“与……一样多”,有时much后可接被修饰的名词(不可数)。如:
I ate as much as I could. 我能吃多少就吃了多少。
3. 译为“尽量”“尽最大努力(可能)”,主要用于as…as possible 。如:
You ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。
4. 译为“像……一样(的程度)”。如:
He doesn’t think of you as much as he ought to. 他没有像本应该的那样对你好。
5. 译为“与……一样多”。如:
I haven’t as much responsibility as before. 我不再担负过去那样多的责任了。
6 译为“好像”“几乎”“并不多”“等于”。如:
That is as much as saying I am a liar. 那无异于说我撒谎。
注:as much as to say 可视为习语,意为“等于说”。
7. 译为“既……又”“不仅……而且”。如:
It is as much our responsibility as yours. 这既是你们的责任,也是我们的责任。
8. 有时有较灵活的译法:
His latest play is not so much a farce as a burlesque tragedy. 他最近的一个剧本与其说是一个滑稽剧,不如说是一个滑稽的悲剧。
9.表示经常性
Do you dine out as much as you did in Paris? 你还像在巴黎那样常常在外面吃饭吗?
两点特点说明
1. 第二个as有时为关系代词,用以引导定语从句。如:
I gave him as much as he could eat. 他能吃多少,我就给了他多少。
As much as he earned was given to his girlfriend. 他赚的钱都给了他的女朋友。
2. 当连接两个成分作主语时,其后谓语动词习惯上要与前面一个成分保持一致。如:
John, as much as his brothers, was responsible for the loss. 不仅约翰的兄弟要对这损失负责,而且约翰自己也要对这损失负责。
1. want
v.想要;想做;渴望;缺乏;缺少;需要;想请教;想跟…讲话;缉拿;追捕
n.缺乏;不足;需要;渴望;贫困;匮乏
注意:有时中文讲的征购也可用want表示由归入需要之意义,英文未必能区分 征购、购、采购等词义的区别,仅用需要wantg一词概括。
同时,要特别注意作为名词,n.缺乏;不足;需要;渴望;贫困;匮乏,这几层意识往往是被忽略的,比如中文的不足,缺乏,贫困怎么翻译,如果不了解want的这层意识,这是无法翻译的。特别是贫困,需要的背后是没有缺失,但缺失,不一定代表贫困与匮乏。
双语例句
1. She didn’t want to be like her mother, tied to a feckless man.
她可不想像她母亲,受制于一个不负责任的男人。
2. I didn’t want a repetition of the scene in my office that morning.
我不想再看到那天上午在我办公室里出现的场面。
3. Reg didn’t want someone meddling and queering the deal at the last minute.
雷吉不想有人在最后时刻插上一脚,毁了这桩交易。
4. I couldn’t want you to get stuck-up and start putting on the guyver.
我可不希望你变得高傲自大,摆出一副做作的样子。
5. Even self-obsessed pop stars don’t want the rumour mill to overshadow their music.
即使是那些自恋的流行歌手们也不想让那谣言制造厂给他们的音乐蒙上阴影。
2 As much as 的用法
一、表示数量
1. 表示具体的数量,其后通常接有具体数量,其意为“……之多”“多达”“整整”,强调“多”。如:
In fact it cost me as much as 100 dollars. 事实上,它整整花了我100美元。
We walked as much as 50 miles that day. 那天我们整整走了50英里。
She trained hard for the race, sometimes running as much as 60 miles a week. 为了比赛,他拼命地训练,有时一个星期要跑60英里。
—Is it hot up there? 那上面热吗?
—Of course, as much as 45 degrees. 当然热,高达45度。
The speed can vary by as much as 15per cent. 其速度的差别可高达15%。
注:如上例所示,as much as 用于表示具体的数量时,其后接的可能是可数名词,但由于它们意义上仍然为不可数,故用as much as,不用as many as。如100 dollars,尽管其中的dollars为可数名词的复数形式,由于100 dollars仍是一个不可数的概念,仍是不可数的。但是下面这句是错的:I read as much as 100 articles today. 因为这里的100 articles表示的是可数概念,故应改为:I read as many as 100 articles.
2. 表示模糊的数量,其意为“与……一样多”,有时much后可接被修饰的名词(不可数)。如:
I ate as much as I could. 我能吃多少就吃了多少。
I’ll spend as much as necessary. 需要花多少钱,我就花多少钱。
Give me as much as you gave Jane. 给我的要和你给简的一样多。
I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。
I’m sorry I haven’t done as much as I should. 我很抱歉,我做得很不够。
Some of the doctors are paid almost twice as much as the nurses. 有些医生所获得的报酬差不多是护士的两倍。
We can take as much as our buyer can supply. 买主能提供多少我们就能要多少。
If you charge as much as that, you’ll scare customers off. 如果你要价那么高,你会把顾客吓跑的。
二、表示程度
1. 译为“尽量”“尽最大努力(可能)”,主要用于as…as possible 。如:
You ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you. 我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。
I won’t have a pudding it was as much as I could do to finish the very large first course. 我不要布丁了——我能把第一道大菜吃完就已经很不容易了。
2. 译为“像……一样(的程度)”。如:
He doesn’t think of you as much as he ought to. 他没有像本应该的那样对你好。
We’re in the dark just as much as you are. 我们跟你们一样被蒙在鼓里。
I don’t pretend to know as much as he does about it. 我不敢说我对此事的了解有他那样多。
He doesn’t think of you as much as he ought to. 他没有像本应该的那样对你好。
I like cats as much as dogs. 我喜欢猫和喜欢狗和程度相同。(此句可视为 I like cats as much as I like dogs 之省略)
3. 译为“与……一样多”。如:
I haven’t as much responsibility as before. 我不再担负过去那样多的责任了。
4. 译为“好像”“几乎”“并不多”“等于”。如:
That is as much as saying I am a liar. 那无异于说我撒谎。
He as much as admitted that it was his fault. 他几乎承认说是他的错。
You said “all right”, which was as much as to say that you were satisfied. 你当是说“行”,这就等于说你认为满意。
注:as much as to say 可视为习语,意为“等于说”。
5. 译为“既……又”“不仅……而且”。如:
It is as much our responsibility as yours. 这既是你们的责任,也是我们的责任。
It is as much your responsibility as mine. 这件事你和我一样都有责任。
He retorted that it was my fault as much as his. 他反驳说那不仅是他的错,而且也是我的错。或:他反驳说我的错误并不比他的错误小。
I expect to weep as much as (to) laugh. 我简直又想哭,又想笑。
6. 有时有较灵活的译法:
His latest play is not so much a farce as a burlesque tragedy. 他最近的一个剧本与其说是一个滑稽剧,不如说是一个滑稽的悲剧。
三、表示经常性
Do you dine out as much as you did in Paris? 你还像在巴黎那样常常在外面吃饭吗?
Grandma’s getting on a bit and doesn’t go out as much as she used to. 奶奶年事日高, 不像从前那样常出门了。
四、两点特点说明
1. 第二个as有时为关系代词,用以引导定语从句。如:
I gave him as much as he could eat. 他能吃多少,我就给了他多少。
As much as he earned was given to his girlfriend. 他赚的钱都给了他的女朋友。
2. 当连接两个成分作主语时,其后谓语动词习惯上要与前面一个成分保持一致。如:
John, as much as his brothers, was responsible for the loss. 不仅约翰的兄弟要对这损失负责,而且约翰自己也要对这损失负责。
Too .. to 结构中,在too之前出现了all, only, but, not等词时,to 后的从句就有肯定意义。
--He is but too eager to get home. 他太急于要回家了。
--One is never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。
--I’m all/but too glad to have someone to speak to.
1.be likely to do
2.It is likely that……
--It is likely that he arrives here in time. 他及到达这里是有可能的。
词汇比较:
1. probable 与likely 意思相通,但是不能与不定式形式搭配。可以用:It is probable that …
--It is probable that he arrives here in time.
probable 表示的可能性比possible 表示的可能性要大,与likely基本相同。
2.possible 表示可能发生或可能不发生,也可以用句型:It is possible that …
--It is possible/probable that he will speak to you.
--It is possible for us to finish the work in an hour.
英语合成词按词类分要很多例子高手来
英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,他们叫做合成词,常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。 1.合成名词 名词+名词: football足球 名词+动词: snowfall 下雪 名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马 名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳 动词-ing+名词: waiting-room候车室 形容词+名词: greenhouse温室 副词+名词: income收入 介词+名词: afternoon下午 过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人 2.合成动词 名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却 形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电 副词+动词: outact行动上胜过 3.合成形容词 名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的 名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的 名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的 动词+副词: takeaway外卖的 形容词+名词: long-distance长途的 形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的 形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的 副词+形容词: color-blind色盲的 副词+动词-ing : hard-working勤劳的 副词+过去分词: well-known著名的 数词+名词: first-class头等的 数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的 数词+名词+ed : three-cornered三角的 介词+名词: indoor 室内的合成词也称复合词,顾名思义,就是由两个或两个以上的词合在一起构成的词,可分别用做形容词或副词。合成词从表面结构上看不拘一格,种类繁多,无论记忆还是使用都十分困难,那么我们除了简单记忆这些词是由哪些词构成之外,还有没有举一反三的规律可循呢?下面我们将一一道来。 I. 复合形容词 (COMPOUND ADJECTIVES) 1. 含有分词的复合形容词 复合形容词中的现在分词与过去分词均源于定语从句中的谓语动词。 例如: ●Australia is a country which speaks English. (country 由定语从句修饰) 澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。 Australia is a country speaking English. (country 由现在分词短语修饰) Australia is an English-speaking country. (country 由复合形容词修饰) 以上三个句子中,我们分别用了三种不同的方法修饰country,三种不同的修饰语与country的逻辑关系都是country speaks English,因为country是动作speak的发出者,按照修饰动作发出者用现在分词的原则,合成词应该使用English-speaking。然而短语spoken English (英语口语)是不同的,这个短语中被修饰词English是动作speak的承受者,因此,用过去分词spoken, 以上两种不同的逻辑关系必须分清。 我们再来看几个例子: ●earthshaking changes = changes which shake the earth 翻天覆地的变化(changes 是动作shake的发出者) UN peacekeeping forces=forces which keep peace 联合国维和部队(forces 是动作keep的发出者) record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破记录的毁坏 peace-loving people= people who love peace爱好和平的 epoch-making decision=decision which makes epoch开新纪元的/划时代的决策 fine-sounding words=words which sound fine 甜言蜜语 soft-feeling materials=materials which feel soft 手感柔软的面料 good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士 hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦读书的学生 far-reaching influence=influence which reaches far广泛深远的影响 easygoing person=person who goes easy 随和容易相处的人 well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子 state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state国有企业 hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品 heart-felt thanks=thanks which are felt by heart 衷心的感谢 fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速发展的产业 highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度发达的国家 newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly 刚刚抵达的参观者 well-known university=university which is known very well著名的大学 ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready to be used做好的, 现成的衣服 self-employed person=person who is employed by oneself非受雇于人的,从事个体职业的人 snow-covered fields=feilds which are covered by snow白雪覆盖的田野 newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飞机场 从以上例子可以看出,要了解和掌握含有分词的复合形容词,首先必须了解正确使用及物动词的现在分词和过去分词的关键: ① 准确了解及物动词的分词与所修饰的名词关系,修饰动作发出者用现在分词表示主动,修饰动作承受者用过去分词表示被动。 ② 准确了解不及物动词的所用时态,用现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行,用过去分词表示动作业已完成。2. 含有动名词的复合形容词 sleeping- pills安眠药 = pills which are for sleeping waiting-room候车/机/诊室; = room which is used for waiting reading-room 阅览室 = room which is used for reading 以上例子中,我们可以看到,所有的sleeping, waiting, reading都是介词for的宾语,因此我们将这样的词称为动名词。 3.含有名词的复合形容词 许多日常用作定语的复合形容词中是以名词作为中心词而构成的,当作定语的名词是所修饰名词的组成部分时, 复合形容词自身的名词后要加上ed来构成形容词。 例如: a warm-hearted man=a man with a warm heart 一个热心肠的人 (heart 是man的器官之一,为组成部分) 再看更多例子: cold-blooded animals=animals with cold blood 冷血动物 a long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一个长发女孩儿 a single-armed general=a general with one arm一位独臂将军 a right-minded person=a person with right mind 有正义感的人 a left-handed person=a person who is used to the left hand 惯用左手的人 a toffee-nosed person=a person with a toffee nose 趾高气扬的人 a two bed roomed flat=a flat with two bedrooms一套两居室的公寓 a three-legged chair=a chair with three legs. 一把三条腿的椅子 注意:不可以使用名词复数担当定语, 不可以说a three-legs chair。 4. 含有名词抽象形式的复合形容词 表示所修饰的名词的性质或原材料时,使用名词的抽象形式(即原形)担当定语 例如: ●100% cotton shirt 全棉衬衣 (cotton 是shirt的原材料,不能加ed) a 400-word composition 一篇四百字的文章(word看作是composition的原材料,而不是组成部分,因此不能加ed) ●child readings, 儿童读物 child seat(儿童座位)child workers (童工) (以上短语中child均表示所修饰名词的性质,不可以使用名词复数children) 8-year-old boy=boy of 8 years old 一个八岁的孩子 (years在构成复合形容词后,应使用其抽象形式 year ) ●duty-free goods=goods which are free of duty免税商品 ●rag-and-bone man 旧货商,toe-to-toe硬碰硬地,针尖对麦芒地,针锋相对地,long-term 长期的, open-air 户外的 我们可以看到,以上复合形容词中的名词,形式均无任何变化。 II. 复合名词 (COMPOUND NOUNS) 在英语日常词汇中,有许许多多的名词是由两个或两个以上的词共同构成的,例如: earthworm蚯蚓;earthquake地震;shorthand(速记);double-dealer (言行不一的人);break-water(防波堤);pick-pocket扒手;pickup 皮卡,小货车;sun-bathing日光浴;get-together集会;break-through(突破);a cross-roads一个十字路口;go-between 媒人,中间人;by-product副产品;touch-me-not含羞草;takeaway(外卖);make-up(化妆品);look-on(旁观者);lookout(哨所);software软件,hardware硬件,hardboard硬盘,keyboard键盘,website网站;network网络;homesick思乡;breakthrough突破;take-off起飞;sightseeing观光; right-wing右翼;laptop笔记本电脑,palmtop掌上电脑。 这些词的含义从单词的表面就可以清楚地看出,但分别是由原来句子中的不同词类构成的,因此这些词我们只要见到、读到、了解这些词的含义就足够了,按照其构成的词类进行归类总结,总有些庸人自扰的感觉。

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